|
|
|
|
|
Genghis Khan Vocabulary * Mongols- Tribe of people in Mongolia. * Tartars- A tribe in eastern Mongolia. * Nomads- People who wander from place to place, who herded cows, sheep, goats, and horses,camels * Steppe(s)- hills and grassland , no trees. Temperatures -50 degrees to +100 degrees * Yurt or Gur- Mongol tent- up in 30min.- down in 1 hour. wooden poles, covered with heavy felt/hides Genghis Khan Timeline of events * 1179- His father (important tribal leader) poisoned by a rival tribe. * 1204 - Temujin fights for leadership and declares victory over all Mongol tribes. * 1206- Temujin is given name Genghis Khan- “Ruler
of vast lands”.
*Tatatungo- Genghis’ secretary/ biographer who recorded his words, actions and laws. *1210-1214- Gneghis conquered China, (80,000 soldiers
against Xi Xia),
*Khoresm Shah's Empire-modern Iran, Iraq, southern
Russia, Afghanistan.
*1218-1225- Genghis traveled 1500 miles west and
conquered Khoresm Empire and
*Yeliu Ch’uts’ai- Chinese advisor who convinced Mongols "Don't kill everybody! Tax them instead." Also advised Genghis to build a permanent capitol to receive loot and supplies for foreign artists. *Karakorum-Genghis Khan’s Capitol city in central
Mongolia-Begun by Genghis, built up
*1227- Genghis returns to China to put down revolt,
gets a fever, dies after falling from his
*Ogedai-Known for his generosity and sensible ways- successor to Genghis, his 3rd son. *1237-led by Ogedai, the Mongols traveled 2,000 miles to attack Russia. *Arrow Riders- Genghis’ messengers on horseback-
slept and ate in the saddle, could
Making War the Mongol Way 1. Used surprise attacks from sides and behind the enemy 2. Used fake attacks to draw the enemy forward and then ambush them. 3. The use of many horses, 4-5 horses for each warrior. This allowed Mongols to move quickly in battle Allowed Mongols to overtake an enemy running away, Allowed Mongols to pack more supplies, Allowed Mongols to quickly get back on a horse if one horse is killed, Made enemies think there were more Mongols than really were there 4. He made huge ladders, and huge shields for many men to attack from behind, or used prisoners of war as human shields. He diverted rivers, used gunpowder missiles, machines to throw burning oil, machines to throw large spears, large rocks, and battering rams. *Kiev- Russian city- wooden walls- destroyed
,
1241- Mongols attack Poland- city
of Krakow destroyed. 30,000 knights and warriors
1242- Ogedai dies- commanders do not want
to continue attacking without orders -
1260- Kublai Khan becomes next great leader-
Grandson of Genghis- divides the empire
*Mongol Examples of Harshness and Cruelty commander that Mongols would stop attacking if the city sent out 1,000 cats and several thousand swallows. When he got them, Genghis had bits of cloth tied to their tails and set the cloth on fire. The cats and birds fled back to the city and ended up setting hundreds of fires inside the city. Then Genghis attacked and won. 2. In one city the inhabitants were divided up among the warriors for slaughter. One old woman said if she was spared she would give the soldiers a pearl- they agreed but she swallowed the pearl. They killed her and cut open her stomach- There they found the pearl and several gems! Genghis promptly ordered that the stomachs of all the dead be opened to see if they had pearls! 3. In one time Mongols rounded up 70,000 men, women, and children and shot them with arrows. 4. In another city 10,000 people were slaughtered over 4 days- including every cat and dog! 5. Mongols destroyed oases, orchards, vineyards, farms, dams, palaces.
|
